Macintosh

Moving away from Apple platforms, a living diary

TL:DR A living diary of how I am slowly moving away from Apple

The first computer I purchased with my own money was a Mac Plus, circa 1990. Then I discovered Linux in 1991 and switched. When Apple introduced Mac OS X, I purchased an iMac G4, and over time transitioned fully to the new UNIX-based Mac. I also got the first iPod, iPhone and iPads, so I could fairly be accused of being an Apple fanboi, even if I have never been blind to the platform’s limitation and Apple’s questionable business practices.

Over the last year and more, I have been souring over Apple as a platform and a company:

  • Their software quality, never particularly high (even if Microsoft made them look good in comparison), has tanked since they fired Scott Forstall. I am not even sure whether they are any better than Microsoft at this point.
  • Their need to eke out growth from a maturing smartphone and PC business means they are incredibly rapacious with the App Store tax, and pushing developers towards user-hostile business models like subscription pricing.
  • Their claim to privacy leadership was always more marketing than reality, but is now in tatters, see my previous article on how to circumvent their tracking (not always possible, e.g. notarization).
  • Their extortionate pricing on RAM and storage has grown impossible to ignore.

So what is to be done? I am working to switch to Ubuntu Linux on the desktop and laptops (I still use Alpine Linux on servers), and to GrapheneOS, a degoogled and highly secure fork of Android. To this end, I purchased a few laptops to run Linux as a daily driver (Asus Vivobook S and Lenovo Thinkpad E16 G3), a Google Pixel 8 Pro and Google Pixel Tablet. I also have a Beelink GTR9 Pro on order (running the AMD Strix Halo Ryzen AI Max+ 395 processor) to be the twin and successor to my Mac Studio.

I carry both my iPhone 16+ and the Pixel with me at all times, and force myself to use the GrapheneOS device first, and only fall back to the iPhone if all else fails, which indicates which functionality I need to migrate next.

The rest of this article is a living diary of the migration and what software I am using as a replacement, and I will update it as I progress.

iOS and iPadOS to GrapheneOS

Of course, many apps are cross-platform and migrating is straightforward.

It’s annoying that Signal and WhatsApp don’t allow you to run the same account concurrently on two phones, a vestige of their original sin, i.e. basing identity on the rotten foundation of the Public Switched Telephone Network.

Upcoming:

  • Things (to do list manager): undecided, but probably Emacs Org-mode.
  • Apple Pay: there are reports Curve Pay works on GrapheneOS.
  • Backups: I set up nginx as a WebDAV server for Seedvault, but it is not yet reliable.

macOS to Linux

  • Email: Emacs with mu4e, mbsync and smtpmail.
  • Browser: Vivaldi.
  • Password Manager: KeepassXC. Apple Passwords gained the ability to export all passwords to CSV, but there is no way to automate this.
  • eBooks: Foliate.
  • AirDrop: LocalSend.
  • PDF Library and Spotlight: Paperless-ngx.

Upcoming:

  • Photo editor and DAM: undecided. My monitor has hardware color-calibration, so at least I won’t have to worry about Linux color management.

Apple privacy checklist

TL:DR Apple’s claims to being privacy-first are a marketing sham

Apple claims to hold privacy at its core, but it has been an advertising company for at least a decade, and now that smartphone and computer sales are plateauing and new products like the Apple Vision Pro have failed to set the world on fire, Services revenue (an euphemism for the 30% App Store tax on developers and advertising) is critical to maintaining the company’s stock price.

Recent behavior from Apple has confirmed Google or Meta’s take that Apple’s privacy claims are just that, clever marketing to obscure the fact the privacy measures they do have are mainly there to stymie its competitors:

  • Apple forces app developers to ask permission to access the advertising tracking ID (IDFA), but exempts itself from that requirement by a truly Clintonesque redefinition of tracking as “sharing data with other companies, not with ourselves”—one rule for thee but not for me

  • Apple’s notarizarion feature leaks information to Apple on what apps you have installed on your device. What’s worse, this is sent unencrypted so anyone with network access can also grab this info. Apple promised to give a way to disable this misfeature (which also has a noticeable performance impact for developers) but quietly reneged on this.

  • Apple would upload recordings of Siri queries without your consent, and Apple employees and contractors had access to them

  • Apple implemented a CSAM scanning feature, whereby your iPhone would rat you out before the government even asked them to do so. Even though they reversed themselves, they set a precedent authoritarian governments will certainly avail themselves of.

  • When they introduced the Journal app, they gave them wide-ranging access to other apps’ data without consent.

  • Apple silently opted you into “Privacy Preserving Ad Measurement”. This an Orwellian misrepresentation, as your browser is tracking you on behalf of advertisers, just as Google Chrome is doing with its Topics API. Firefox is equally guilty of this (PDF) and unrepentant. Even Google, the most voyeuristic of the surveillance-industrial complex, asked for permission before enabling this in Chrome, albeit with wildly misleading wording because no one does dark patterns quite as smugly as don’t do be evil Google.

  • Apple silently opted you in to “Enhanced Visual Search”, where it uploads fingerprints of landmarks in your photos to its server. It claims to use differential privacy and homomorphic encryption to make this privacy compliant, but this still leaks information, even if Apple’s implementation were perfectly bug-free (given the abysmal track record of Apple QA of late, this would require heroic levels of credulity).

  • They did it also for “Improve Search"—Seeing a pattern here yet?

Here are the settings you need to review and change from their privacy-invading defaults, in chronological order of when they were introduced. Apple also has the nasty habit of silently turning them back on, so you will need to check this list regularly. You will also need to set these on each device separately.

iOS and iPadOS

  • Disable the IDFA altogether and do not allow apps to ask for it:
    • Settings / Privacy & Security / Tracking / Allow Apps to Request to Track / (turn off)
  • Disable Apple’s own Ad network tracking:
    • Settings / Privacy & Security / Apple Advertising / Personalized Ads / (turn off)
  • Disable Sharing of information with Apple, including Siri recordings:
    • Settings / Analytics & Improcements / (disable all of them)
  • Private Click Measurement:
    • Settings / Apps / Safari / Advanced / Privacy Preserving Ad Measurement / (turn off)
  • Improve Search:
    • Settings / Search / Help Apple Improve Search
    • Settings / Apps / Safari / Search / Search Engine Suggestions / (turn off)
    • Settings / Apps / Safari / Search / Safari Suggestions / (turn off)
  • Visual Search:
    • Settings / Apps / Photos / Enhanced Visual Search / (turn off)
  • Journal App:
    • Settings / Privacy & Security / Journaling Suggestions / (turn them all off)

macOS

  • Disable analytics:
    • System Settings / Privacy & Security / Analytics & Improvements / (turn them all off)
    • Sign in to account.apple.com, then Privacy / iCloud Analytics / Share iCloud analytics / (turn off)
    • This might also be a good time to request export of all the data Apple holds on you
  • Disable Apple’s Ad tracking:
    • System Settings / Privacy & Security / Apple Advertising / Personalized Ads / (turn off)
  • Disable Siri:
    • System Settings / Apple Intelligence & Siri / Siri / (turn off)
    • System Settings / Apple Intelligence & Siri / Siri history / Delete Siri & Dictation History / (click on the button)
  • Private Click Measurement:
    • Safari / Settings / Advanced / Allow privacy-preserving measurement of ad effectiveness / (turn off)
  • Improve Search:
    • System Settings / Accessibility / Motor / Voice Control / Improve assistive voice features / (turn off)
    • System Settings / Spotlight / Siri Suggestions / (turn off)
    • System Settings / Spotlight / Help Apple Improve Search / (turn off)

Further actions

Ideally, change your default browser to something better, like Vivaldi or LibreWolf.

Stop iMessage from using insecure unencrypted SMS as a fallback (warning: this setting is buggy and often ignored):

  • on iOS: Setting / Apps / Messages / Send as Text Message / (turn off)

Better yet, ditch both SMS and iMessage for Signal or WhatsApp, who do not have an unencrypted option to snare you. See also this Signal hardening checklist.

Install Little Snitch, an outbound firewall you can use to control what sites apps can connect to.

Disable Apple Intelligence.

Ultimately, switch to Linux and GrapheneOS or LineageOS.